Scenario  1

In this case, Car B, C, and D all failed to keep a safe braking distance and were unable to stop in time. They are all liable for the cars they rear-ended each. Only Car A is not at fault

Scenario 2

In this case, Car D would be liable for all damages caused in the chain collision due to his failure to keep a safe braking distance.

Scenario 3

While this case closely resembles Scenario A, it has additional complications. In the majority of cases, the cars at the back are liable for the accident due to a failure in keeping a safe braking distance. Without camera evidence of Driver A’s reckless driving behaviour, he could be able to avoid liability even though he is at fault. That is why installing a front and rear car camera is so important and recommended.